Muscles:

Movements:

Activities:

With lesion below C5 patient has:

• Full innervations of trapzius, sternocleidomastoid and upper cervical paraspinal muscles.
• Partial innnervation of rhomboids, deltoids, other muscles of rotator cuff, biceps and brachioradialis.

Patient is able to:

• Stabilize and move neck, elevate and externally rotate the scapula. Perform weak elbow     flexion and extension. 
• Some movements at the shoulder joint are present due to partial innervations of shoulder muscle.

Patient is totally confined to well equipped wheel chair. It is difficult for patient to roll over bed and come in sitting position, to push the wheelchair or to perform self-care activities.

Muscles:

Movements:

Activities:

• Full innervations of muscle of rotator cuff and biceps.
• Partial innervations of serratus anterior, pectoralis major and latisimmus dorsi.
• Some muscular activities appear at the wrist particularly in extensor carpi radialis and some times in flexor carpi radialis.

• Complete movement of shoulder rotation and abduction along with elbow flexion.
• Slight movement of true abduction, flexion and extension at the shoulder joint.
• Patients can extend his/her flexed wrist to some extent and has a weak grasping power.

Patient can assist themselves to roll over the bed to some extent with the help of available musculature. Patient can sit on the bed with the help of rope, which is encircled about his forearm. As hand power is diminished, so patient is unable to lift himself by putting the weight over hand. Feeding is performed with the help of specific devices. Ambulation is impossible and patient is totally confined to a wheelchair.

Muscles:

Movements:

Activities:

• Full innervations of shoulder depressors.
• Partial innnervation of the intrinsic muscles of hand.
• Finger flexors and extensors provide a good grasping power.
• Triceps are strong inspite of partial innervations.

Patient can stabilize the elbow in extension due to strong triceps. Grasping power is strong.

Patient is more independent in wheel chair and bed as compared to C6 patient. Patient is able to roll over and sit up in bed and can also perform movements while sitting. Assistance is required for self care activities but feeding can be done independently. The patient is not recommended to do any work that requires a tight gripping power. 

Muscles:

Movements:

Activities:

Full innervations of upper extremity musculature. Patient has strength in gripping power as well as fully innervated proximal musculature. There is still lack of trunk stability. Respiratory impairment persists.

All the movements of upper limb are performed actively. Good gripping power to catch or hold something.

Independent in bed activities and few transfer techniques. Self care activities including eating, drinking, combing, etc. are performed independently. Dressing of lower body parts requires assistance. Functional ambulation is not gained. Wheel chair can be propelled independently.

Muscles:

Movements:

Activities:

Full innervations of upper limb musculature, upper intercostals, transverses thoracic, rectus abdominis, oblique muscle of abdomen, the transverse abdominis and all the muscles of thorax.

Absent nerve supply of the lumbar muscles. Hip hikers, quadratus lumborum and lower erector spinae.

Patient has ability to use his upper limb for heavy work. Pelvic tilting is possible.

Self care, wheel chair and ambulating activities are performed independently. Patient can ambulate freely on reasonable rough surface, inside and outside with the help of bilateral long leg braces with Pelvic band. For convenience, in moving about the home, a wheel chair is always prescribed.

Muscles:

Movement:

Activities:

Full innervations of quadrates lumborum, lower erector spinae, quadriceps and primary hip flexors.

Absent nerve supply to muscles below L4 like long toe extensors, toe plantarflexors.

No movement at ankle joint and hip joint is unstable due to absent hip stabilizers. The knee is supported in extension by quadriceps.

Patient is independent in ambulation with the help of short leg brace including posterior stop.

Posterior stop prevents foot drop during swing phase of gait. Elevation cannot be performed because of absence of gluteus maximus and hamstrings. Prolong standing cannot be performed.